Natural Capital Accounting: Unlocking Domestic Resources and Strengthening Fiscal Resilience

Africa is rich in natural wealth, but it still captures too little long-term fiscal value from it. Minerals, forests, land, water systems, biodiversity, and other ecosystem assets underpin livelihoods, exports, energy transition opportunities, and future resilience. Yet these assets remain weakly measured in fiscal systems, poorly integrated into public accounts, and too often governed through opaque contracts, fragmented data, and short-term extraction models.

This is the core policy problem: countries cannot manage what they do not systematically measure. When natural capital is invisible in fiscal planning and public reporting, governments are more likely to underprice risk, under-collect revenue, overlook environmental depletion, and miss the opportunity to convert finite natural wealth into lasting public value.

In advancing a stronger continental policy agenda on public wealth management, AAAG is repositioning itself to champion these interventions as part of its thought leadership and advocacy role to help member countries integrate natural capital, extractive revenues, and intergenerational resource stewardship more systematically into fiscal policy, public financial management, and long-term development decision-making


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